Bull Terrier

Hereditary nephritis is a progressive kidney disease (autosomal dominant) that causes protein loss in the urine, ultimately leading to renal failure. It can affect both males and females. Urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio testing is recommended before each breeding and should be monitored throughout the dog's life. Dogs with abnormal UPC values should not be bred.

Congenital deafness is associated with the breed's white pigmentation, with white and predominantly-white dogs at highest risk. BAER (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response) testing is the only reliable method to diagnose deafness; it should be performed on every puppy before placement. Ask the breeder for the individual puppy's BAER result.

Heritable heart conditions including mitral valve dysplasia and aortic stenosis are breed-associated. Cardiac echocardiogram evaluation is recommended for all breeding animals; any puppy with a murmur should be investigated by a cardiologist.

LAD is a rare but fatal autosomal recessive condition (MKLN1 gene) causing severe zinc-metabolism disorder, immune deficiency and skin disease; affected puppies rarely survive to adulthood. A DNA test is available. Patellar luxation and skin allergies also occur at occasional prevalence; patella exams are recommended for breeding stock.

The short coat handles warmth reasonably. In hot climates, exercise during the cooler parts of the day and ensure access to shade and water. Always check local licensing and breed-specific legislation in your jurisdiction before acquiring a bull-type terrier.