Great Dane
Also known as: Deutsche Dogge, German Mastiff, Apollo of dogs
The "Apollo of dogs" - a giant, elegant breed that is gentle, affectionate and surprisingly calm indoors despite its towering size. Great Danes are devoted, sociable and famously good with children, combining an imposing presence with a sweet, patient temperament that wins over everyone they meet.
Origin and purpose
Despite the name, the Great Dane is a German breed (Deutsche Dogge), refined in the 19th century from large boarhounds used to hunt wild boar and guard estates. Selective breeding turned the working boarhound into the towering, dignified companion recognised today.
Temperament
Breed authorities describe the Great Dane as friendly, patient and dependable — a "gentle giant" that is good with children and usually sociable with other dogs, often convinced it is a lap dog. It is moderate in energy and trainable with early, gentle guidance. As with any breed, individual temperament varies far more than the label implies (Morrill et al., Science 2022).
Health and longevity
Giant size comes at a cost: Great Danes are one of the breeds at highest risk of gastric dilatation-volvulus (bloat), which is why many owners and breeders opt for a prophylactic gastropexy. Controlled growth in puppyhood and lean body condition matter enormously.
Common health conditions
Living with a Great Dane in Tokyo
This section is specific to Tokyo (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)). The rest of this guide applies to the breed anywhere.
Tokyo Metropolitan Animal Care & Consultation Center: Not eligible
This breed is not eligible for Tokyo Metropolitan Animal Care & Consultation Center.
Licensing
Dog registration required under the Rabies Prevention Act (狂犬病予防法): one-time ward office registration fee ¥3,000 + annual rabies vaccination tag ~¥550. Microchipping mandatory for dogs sold from breeders/pet shops since June 2022 (Act on Welfare and Management of Animals).
Climate & exercise in Tokyo
Tokyo is humid subtropical; hot humid summers (Jul–Sep, avg 35°C+); mild winters (Dec–Feb, avg 10°C); cherry-blossom spring; typhoon season Aug–Oct. walk before 7am or after 7pm in July–September; Tokyo pavements reach 50–60°C in direct sun at midday — test with your hand before walking. Tokyo summers (July–September) are dangerously hot and humid; heatstroke is the #1 summer risk for dogs. Flat-faced breeds (French Bulldog, Shih Tzu, Pug) and double-coated breeds face the highest risk. Tokyo urban heat island effect means temperatures stay high overnight — do not rely on evening walks alone in heatwave conditions.
Parasite prevention
Plan for Heartworm prevention essential May–November (Aedes albopictus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus active); tick prevention recommended for dogs accessing Okutama, Takao-san, Tanzawa and other Kanto forest areas year-round.
Cost of ownership in Tokyo
Local Great Dane cost figures for Tokyo are being verified. Budget for purchase or adoption, initial setup, food, grooming, routine veterinary care, parasite prevention and pet insurance. Figures are quoted in ¥.
Health & longevity
Responsible breeders health-test their breeding dogs. Ask to see current certificates before committing.
Nutrition note: Giant-breed puppy diet with controlled calcium/energy to slow growth and protect joints; raised, multiple small meals and rest after eating to lower bloat risk.
Known breed conditions
DNA & screening panel
Cost of ownership
FLAG: indicative Singapore estimate — very high food and medication doses by weight; short lifespan offsets some lifetime total.
Registries
Sources & references
- AKC — Great Dane breed standard & traits[Breed standard / registry]
- The Kennel Club (UK) — Great Dane[Breed standard / registry]
- Merck Veterinary Manual — hereditary and breed-associated disease[Veterinary reference]
- Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) — breed health screening / CHIC testing[Peer-reviewed / VetCompass / OFA]
- McMillan et al., "Longevity of companion dog breeds…", Scientific Reports 14:531 (2024) — RVC VetCompass life tables[Peer-reviewed / VetCompass / OFA] · 2024
- NParks/AVS — Pets in HDB flats (approved small breeds; ≤55 cm shoulder height)[Breed standard / registry] · checked June 2026
- Morrill et al., "Ancestry-inclusive dog genomics…", Science 376 (2022) — breed ≈ 9% of behaviour[Peer-reviewed / VetCompass / OFA] · 2022
Source tiers: 1 = breed standard / registry authority; 2 = peer-reviewed / VetCompass / OFA; 3 = veterinary reference; 4 = encyclopaedic. PawHub cites only tiers 1–4 and never blogs or e-commerce pages. Behavioural traits carry low confidence — breed explains ~9% of individual behaviour variation (Morrill et al., Science 2022).
Image credits
- Image 1: Fainomenon · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikimedia Commons
- Image 2: Rytis Mikelskas · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikimedia Commons
- Image 3: Melissa · CC BY 2.0 · via Wikimedia Commons
